STEAP1 Antibody

STEAP1 Antibody

Catalog# :4305

The six-transmembrane epithelial antigen of prostate 1 (STEAP1) was the first member of a family of metalloreductases identified as cell-surface antigens in prostate tissue. The normal function of STEAP is still uncertain; unlike other members of the STEAP family, STEAP1 does not promote iron or copper reduction or uptake and lacks the FNO-like reductase domain critical for activity. However, its expression is highly increased in multiple cancer cell lines, including prostate, bladder, colon, and ovarian cancers. Supporting this is evidence that STEAP1 peptides can be used to stimulate CD8+ T cells from healthy donors, enabling them to recognize STEAP1-positive human tumor cells, suggesting that STEAP1 may a potential target for cancer immunotherapy. At least three isoforms of STEAP1 are known to exist. This STEAP1 antibody does not cross-react with other STEAP proteins.

Additional Names : STEAP1 (IN), Six transmembrane epithelial antigen of prostate 1, STEAP
Description
Left: Western blot analysis of STEAP1 in human spleen tissue lysate with STEAP1 antibody at (A) 1 and (B) 2 µg/ml.

Below: Immunohistochemistry of STEAP1 in human spleen tissue with STEAP1 antibody at 2.5 µg/ml.

Other Product Images

Source :STEAP1 antibody was raised against a 16 amino acid peptide from near the center of human STEAP1.
Purification : Affinity chromatography purified via peptide column
Clonality and Clone : This is a polyclonal antibody.
Host : STEAP1 antibody was raised in rabbit. Please use anti-rabbit secondary antibodies.
Application : STEAP1 antibody can be used for detection of STEAP1 by Western blot at 1 – 2 µg/ml.
Tested Application(s) : E, WB, IHC
Buffer : Antibody is supplied in PBS containing 0.02% sodium azide.
Blocking Peptide :Cat.No. 4305P - STEAP1 Peptide
Long-Term Storage : STEAP1 antibody can be stored at 4ºC, stable for one year. As with all antibodies care should be taken to avoid repeated freeze thaw cycles. Antibodies should not be exposed to prolonged high temperatures.
Positive Control :
1. Cat. No. 1306 - Human Spleen Tissue Lysate
Species Reactivity : H, M, R
GI Number : 51094921
Accession Number : EAL24166
Short Description : (IN) Six transmembrane epithelial antigen of prostate 1
References
1. Hubert RS, Vivanco I, Chen E, et al. STEAP: a prostate-specific cell-surface antigen highly expressed in human prostate tumors. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA 1999; 96:14523-8.
2. Ohgami RS, Campagna DR, McDonald A, et al. The Steap proteins are metalloreductases. Blood 2006; 108:1388-94.
3. Ohgami RS, Campagna DR, Greer EL, et al. Identification of a ferrireductase required for efficient transferrin-dependent iron uptake in erythroid cells. Nat. Genet. 2005; 37:1264-9.
4. Alves PM, Faure O, Graff-Dubois S, et al. STEAP, a prostate tumor antigen, is a target of human CD8+ T cells. Cancer Immunol. Immunother. 2006; 55:1515-23.

STEAP1 Antibody

STEAP1 Antibody

Catalog# :4303

The six-transmembrane epithelial antigen of prostate 1 (STEAP1) was the first member of a family of metalloreductases identified as cell-surface antigens in prostate tissue. The normal function of STEAP is still uncertain; unlike other members of the STEAP family, STEAP1 does not promote iron or copper reduction or uptake and lacks the FNO-like reductase domain critical for activity. However, its expression is highly increased in multiple cancer cell lines, including prostate, bladder, colon, and ovarian cancers. Supporting this is evidence that STEAP1 peptides can be used to stimulate CD8+ T cells from healthy donors, enabling them to recognize STEAP1-positive human tumor cells, suggesting that STEAP1 may a potential target for cancer immunotherapy. At least three isoforms of STEAP1 are known to exist. This STEAP1 antibody does not cross-react with other STEAP proteins.

Additional Names : STEAP1 (CT), Six transmembrane epithelial antigen of prostate 1, STEAP
Description
Left: Western blot analysis of STEAP1 in human spleen tissue lysate with STEAP1 antibody at (A) 1 and (B) 2 µg/ml.

Below: Immunohistochemistry of STEAP1 in human spleen tissue with STEAP1 antibody at 2.5 µg/ml.

Other Product Images
Source :STEAP1 antibody was raised against a 18 amino acid peptide from near the carboxy terminus of human STEAP1.
Purification : Affinity chromatography purified via peptide column
Clonality and Clone : This is a polyclonal antibody.
Host : STEAP1 antibody was raised in rabbit. Please use anti-rabbit secondary antibodies.
Application : STEAP1 antibody can be used for detection of STEAP1 by Western blot at 1 – 2 µg/ml.
Tested Application(s) : E, WB, IHC
Buffer : Antibody is supplied in PBS containing 0.02% sodium azide.
Blocking Peptide :Cat.No. 4303P - STEAP1 Peptide
Long-Term Storage : STEAP1 antibody can be stored at 4ºC, stable for one year. As with all antibodies care should be taken to avoid repeated freeze thaw cycles. Antibodies should not be exposed to prolonged high temperatures.
Positive Control :
1. Cat. No. 1306 - Human Spleen Tissue Lysate
Species Reactivity : H, M, R
GI Number : 51094921
Accession Number : EAL24166
Short Description : (CT) Six transmembrane epithelial antigen of prostate 1
References
1. Hubert RS, Vivanco I, Chen E, et al. STEAP: a prostate-specific cell-surface antigen highly expressed in human prostate tumors. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA 1999; 96:14523-8.
2. Ohgami RS, Campagna DR, McDonald A, et al. The Steap proteins are metalloreductases. Blood 2006; 108:1388-94.
3. Ohgami RS, Campagna DR, Greer EL, et al. Identification of a ferrireductase required for efficient transferrin-dependent iron uptake in erythroid cells. Nat. Genet. 2005; 37:1264-9.
4. Alves PM, Faure O, Graff-Dubois S, et al. STEAP, a prostate tumor antigen, is a target of human CD8+ T cells. Cancer Immunol. Immunother. 2006; 55:1515-23.

Slc35D1 Antibody

Catalog# :4607

The solute carrier family Slc35 consists of at least 17 proteins that act as nucleotide sugar transporters localized to the Golgi apparatus and endoplasmic reticulum. The role of the ER-resident Slc family member Slc35D1 is to transport both UDP-glucuronic acid and UDP-N-acetylgalactosamine. These molecules can serve as substrates for chondroitin sulfate biosynthesis and mice lacking the Slc35D1 gene developed a lethal form of skeletal dysplasia with severe shortening of limbs and facial structures. Examination of epiphyseal cartilage in these mice revealed a decreased proliferating zone with round chrondrocytes, scarce matrices, and reduced proteoglycan aggregates. Loss of function mutations in human Slc35D1 cause Schneckenbecken dysplasia, a severe skeletal dysplasia. This antibody is predicted to not cross-react with the highly homologous Slc35D2.

Additional Names : Slc35D1 (CT), Solute carrier family 35 member D1, UDP-glucuronic acid/UDP-N-acetylgalactosamine transporter
Description
Left: Western blot analysis of Slc35D1 in Daudi lysate with Slc35D1 antibody at (A) 1 and (B) 2 µg/ml.

Below: Immunocytochemistry of Slc35D1 in Daudi cells with Slc35D1 antibody at 5 µg/ml.

Other Product Images
Source :Slc35D1 antibody was raised against a 20 amino acid peptide near the carboxy terminus of the human Slc35D1.
Purification : Affinity chromatography purified via peptide column
Clonality and Clone : This is a polyclonal antibody.
Host : Slc35D1 antibody was raised in rabbit. Please use anti-rabbit secondary antibodies.
Application : Slc35D1 antibody can be used for detection of Slc35D1 by Western blot at 1 – 2 µg/ml.
Tested Application(s) : E, WB, ICC
Buffer : Antibody is supplied in PBS containing 0.02% sodium azide.
Blocking Peptide :Cat.No. 4607P - Slc35D1 Peptide
Long-Term Storage : Slc35D1 antibody can be stored at 4ºC, stable for one year. As with all antibodies care should be taken to avoid repeated freeze thaw cycles. Antibodies should not be exposed to prolonged high temperatures.
Positive Control :
1. Cat. No. 1464 - Rat Liver Tissue Lysate
Species Reactivity : H
GI Number : 14028875
Accession Number : NP_055954
Short Description : (CT) Solute carrier family 35 member D1
References
1. Ishida N and Kawakita M. Molecular physiology and pathology of the nucleotide sugar transporter family (SLC35). Pflugers Arch. 2004; 447:768-75.
2. Muraoka M, Kawakita M, and Ishita N. Molecular characterization of human UDP-glucuronic acid/UDP-N-acetylgalactosamine transporter, a novel nucleotide sugar transporter with dual substrate specificity. FEBS Lett. 2001; 495:87-93.
3. Hiraoka S, Furuichi T, Nishimura G, et al. Nucleotide-sugar transporter Slc35D1 is critical to chondroitin sulfate synthesis in cartilage and skeletal development in mouse and human. Nat. Med. 2007; 13:1363-7.

Slc35D1 Antibody

Slc35D1 Antibody

Catalog# :4649

The solute carrier family Slc35 consists of at least 17 proteins that act as nucleotide sugar transporters localized to the Golgi apparatus and endoplasmic reticulum. The role of the ER-resident Slc family member Slc35D1 is to transport both UDP-glucuronic acid and UDP-N-acetylgalactosamine. These molecules can serve as substrates for chondroitin sulfate biosynthesis and mice lacking the Slc35D1 gene developed a lethal form of skeletal dysplasia with severe shortening of limbs and facial structures. Examination of epiphyseal cartilage in these mice revealed a decreased proliferating zone with round chrondrocytes, scarce matrices, and reduced proteoglycan aggregates. Loss of function mutations in human Slc35D1 cause Schneckenbecken dysplasia, a severe skeletal dysplasia. This antibody is predicted to not cross-react with the highly homologous Slc35D2.

Additional Names : Slc35D1 (NT), Solute carrier family 35 member D1, UDP-glucuronic acid/UDP-N-acetylgalactosamine transporter
Description
Left: Western blot analysis of Slc35D1 inA-20 lysate with Slc35D1 antibody at (A) 1 and (B) 2 µg/ml.









Source :Slc35D1 antibody was raised against a 14 amino acid peptide near the amino terminus of the human Slc35D1.
Purification : Affinity chromatography purified via peptide column
Clonality and Clone : This is a polyclonal antibody.
Host : Slc35D1 antibody was raised in rabbit. Please use anti-rabbit secondary antibodies.
Application : Slc35D1 antibody can be used for detection of Slc35D1 by Western blot at 1 – 2 µg/ml.
Tested Application(s) : E, WB
Buffer : Antibody is supplied in PBS containing 0.02% sodium azide.
Blocking Peptide :Cat.No. 4649P - Slc35D1 Peptide
Long-Term Storage : Slc35D1 antibody can be stored at 4ºC, stable for one year. As with all antibodies care should be taken to avoid repeated freeze thaw cycles. Antibodies should not be exposed to prolonged high temperatures.
Positive Control :
1. Cat. No. 1288 - A20 Cell Lysate
Species Reactivity : H, M, R
GI Number : 14028875
Accession Number : NP_055954
Short Description : (NT) Solute carrier family 35 member D1
References
1. Ishida N and Kawakita M. Molecular physiology and pathology of the nucleotide sugar transporter family (SLC35). Pflugers Arch. 2004; 447:768-75.
2. Muraoka M, Kawakita M, and Ishita N. Molecular characterization of human UDP-glucuronic acid/UDP-N-acetylgalactosamine transporter, a novel nucleotide sugar transporter with dual substrate specificity. FEBS Lett. 2001; 495:87-93.
3. Hiraoka S, Furuichi T, Nishimura G, et al. Nucleotide-sugar transporter Slc35D1 is critical to chondroitin sulfate synthesis in cartilage and skeletal development in mouse and human. Nat. Med. 2007; 13:1363-7.

Luminex Assays

Luminex

Bio-Synthesis offers sample analysis services utilizing its kits for the Luminex System. All testing is performed in our state of the art facility in North Texas. There is a 35 sample minimum required per panel request. Multiplex Antibody Bio-Synthesis will perform the necessary assays and deliver a written report for each batch of samples. Any special instructions regarding handling samples or desired analysis should be communicated to us at the time the samples are provided. Unless otherwise requested by the investigators, each sample will be analyzed in duplicate.

Luminex Assays
Luminex assays are based on xMAP technology (multi-analyte profiling beads) enabling the detection and quantitation of multiple RNA or protein targets simultaneously. The xMAP system combines a flow cytometer, fluorescent-dyed microspheres (beads), lasers and digital signal processing to effectly allow multiplexing of up to 100 unique assays within a single sample.

Multiplex Assays
Offers multiplex assays for quantitation and detection of soluble proteins and intracellular pathway markers, using Luminex bead-based technology. These assays allow simultaneous measurement of multiple targets in each sample, with superior performance and reproducible results lot after lot.

Expression Peptide

Expression Peptide

According to Biosyn, there are more than 40 marketed peptides worldwide, around 270 peptides in clinical phase testing, and about 400 in advanced preclinical phases. Natural peptides such as insulin, vancomycin, oxytocin, and cyclosporine and synthetically produced ones such as Fuzeon (enfuvirtide) and Integrilin (eptifibatide) are among the approved peptide-based drugs.

Peptide Therapeutics

Peptides have a following in biotech and pharmaceutical companies as well as in the venture capital community. Roche and Eli Lilly & Co. are two drug companies particularly active in peptide therapeutics.

Peptide

A number of undertakings could be considered a second peptide wave: from moving beyond manufacturing peptide analogs to expanding peptide traits with chemistry. The idea is to try to engineer desired physical, chemical, and pharmacological properties using the native peptide as the starting point.

Peptide Antibody Production

Recommendations for Peptides to be made into Antibodies: Peptides for antibody production can be 15-25 aa, Longer peptides larger than 25 aa (amino acids) can be used, but it increases the cost, Very short peptides may result in a increase in antigens detected, if you want to use short peptides 10 aa : these should be selected with potential sequence homology in mind - such as protein family analysis.

Slc22A17 Antibody

Slc22A17 Antibody

Catalog# :4651

The Slc22 family of organic anion and cation transporters (OATs, OCTs, OCTNs) are transmembrane proteins expressed predominantly in kidney and liver. Each contain 12 predicted alpha-helical transmembrane domains (TMDs) and one large extracellular loop between TMDs 1 and 2. Transporters of the SLC22 family function in different ways such as uniporters that mediate facilitated diffusion in either direction (OCTs), as anion exchangers (OAT1, OAT3 and URAT1), and as Na(+)/l-carnitine cotransporter (OCTN2). Slc22 family members participate in the absorption and/or excretion of drugs, xenobiotics, and endogenous compounds in intestine, liver, and kidney, and perform homeostatic functions in brain and heart. Mutations in the Slc22 family may cause specific diseases such as primary systemic carnitine deficiency or idiopathic renal hypouricemia and may change drug absorption or excretion. Recent studies show the expression of Slc22A17 as receptor for Lipocalin 2 is relatively high in hematopoietic stem cells.

Additional Names : Slc22A17, Solute carrier family 22 member 17, Brain-type organic cation transporter, BOCT, BOIT

Description
Left: Western blot analysis of Slc22A17 in SK-N-SH lysate with Slc22A17 antibody at 1 µg/ml in (A) the absence and (B) the presence of blocking peptide.

Below: Immunofluorescence of Slc22A17 in rat kidney tissue cells with Slc22A17 antibody at 20 μg/ml.

Other Product Images
Source :Slc22A17 antibody was raised against a 14 amino acid peptide near the carboxy terminus of the human Slc22A17.
Purification : Affinity chromatography purified via peptide column
Clonality and Clone : This is a polyclonal antibody.
Host : Slc22A17 antibody was raised in rabbit. Please use anti-rabbit secondary antibodies.
Application : Slc22A17 antibody can be used for detection of Slc22A17 by Western blot at 1 µg/ml.
Tested Application(s) : E, WB
Buffer : Antibody is supplied in PBS containing 0.02% sodium azide.
Blocking Peptide :Cat.No. 4651P - Slc22A17 Peptide
Long-Term Storage : Slc22A17 antibody can be stored at 4ºC, stable for one year. As with all antibodies care should be taken to avoid repeated freeze thaw cycles. Antibodies should not be exposed to prolonged high temperatures.
Positive Control :
1. Cat. No. 1220 - SK-N-SH Cell Lysate
Species Reactivity : H, M, R
GI Number : 27805426
Accession Number : Q8WUG5
Short Description : Solute carrier family 22 member 17
References
1. Koepsell H and Endou H. The SLC22 drug transporter family. Pflugers Arch. 2004; 447:666-76.
2. Rizwan AN and Burckhardt G. Organic anion transporters of the SLC22 family: biopharmaceutical, physiological, and pathological roles. Pharm. Res. 2007; 24:450-70.
3. Miharada K, Hiroyama T, Sudo K, et. al. Lipocalin 2-mediated growth suppression is evident in human erythroid and monocyte/macrophage lineage cells. J. Cell Physiol. 2008; 215:526-37.
4. Devireddy LR, Gazin C, Zhu X, et al. A cell-surface receptor for lipocalin 24p3 selectively mediates apoptosis and iron uptake. Cell 2005; 123:1293-305.

SIRT2 Antibody

SIRT2 Antibody

Catalog# :4487

Autophagy, the process of bulk degradation of cellular proteins through an autophagosomic-lysosomal pathway is important for normal growth control and may be defective in tumor cells. It is involved in the preservation of cellular nutrients under starvation conditions as well as the normal turnover of cytosolic components. This process is negatively regulated by TOR (Target of rapamycin) through phosphorylation of autophagy protein APG1. ATG16, another member of the autophagy protein family, forms a complex with the ATG5-ATG12 conjugate. This multimeric protein has been shown to be essential for autophagosome formation in both yeast and mammals and targets the ATG5-ATG12 complex to the autophagic isolation membrane during the formation of the autophagosome. Because mammalian ATG16 has seven WD-repeats in its C-terminal domain, it has been suggested that these may form a platform for further protein-protein interactions. Multiple isoforms of ATG16 are known to exist.

Additional Names : SIRT2 (NT), NAD-dependent deacetylase sirtuin-2, SIR2L, SIR2L2, SIR2-like
Description
Left: Western blot analysis of SIRT2 in human brain lysate with SIRT2 antibody at (A) 2.5 and (B) 5 µg/ml.

Below: Immunohistochemical staining of human brain tissue using Sirt2 antibody at 2.5 µg/ml.

Other Product Images

Source :SIRT2 antibody was raised against a 17 amino acid peptide near the amino terminus of the human SIRT2.
Purification : Affinity chromatography purified via peptide column
Clonality and Clone : This is a polyclonal antibody.
Host : SIRT2 antibody was raised in rabbit. Please use anti-rabbit secondary antibodies.
Application : SIRT2 antibody can be used for detection of SIRT2 by Western blot at 2.5 – 5 µg/ml.
Tested Application(s) : E, WB, IHC
Buffer : Antibody is supplied in PBS containing 0.02% sodium azide.
Blocking Peptide :Cat.No. 4487P - SIRT2 Peptide
Long-Term Storage : SIRT2 antibody can be stored at 4ºC, stable for one year. As with all antibodies care should be taken to avoid repeated freeze thaw cycles. Antibodies should not be exposed to prolonged high temperatures.
Positive Control :
1. Cat. No. 1303 - Human Brain Tissue Lysate
Species Reactivity : H, M, R
GI Number : 13775600
Accession Number : NP_036369
Short Description : (NT) Sirtuin 2
References
1. Yamamoto H, Schoonjans K, and Auwerx J. Sirtuin functions in health and disease. Mol. Endocrinol. 2007; 21:1745-55.
2. Frye RA. Characterization of five human cDNAs with homology to the yeast SIR2 gene: SIR2-like proteins (sirtuins) metabolize NAD and may have protein ADP-ribosyltransferase activity. Biochem. Biophys. Res. Commun. 1999; 260:273-279.
3. North BJ, Marshall BL, Borra MT, et. al. The human Sir2 ortholog, SIRT2, is an NAD+-dependent tubulin deacetylase. Mol. Cell. 2003; 11:437-44.
4. Inoue T, Hiratsuka M, Osaki M, et al. The molecular biology of mammalian SIRT proteins: SIRT2 in cell cycle regulation. Cell Cycle 2007; 6:1011-8.

SIRT2 Antibody

SIRT2 Antibody

Catalog# :4485

The founding member of the sirtuin protein family was the silent information regulator 2 protein (Sir2p) of Saccharomyces cervisiae, an NAD+-dependent histone deacetylase (HDAC) that regulates chromatin silencing. The SIR2 family of genes are highly conserved from prokaryotes to eukaryotes. Mammals have seven homologs of Sir2p, SIRT1-7, which are involved in diverse processes ranging from transcriptional regulation, cell cycle progression and DNA-damage repair to aging. SIRT2 is a predominantly cytoplasmic protein that colocalizes with microtubules and can deacetylate α-tubulin and regulate progression through the cell cycle. Most Sirtuins are highly expressed in brain and testis, while Sirt2 expression is higher in fetal relative to adult brain. Recent studies on SIRT2 support the therapeutic utility of inhibitors for the treatment of neurodegenerative diseases such as Parkinson's disease.

Additional Names : SIRT2 (CT), NAD-dependent deacetylase sirtuin-2, SIR2L, SIR2L2, SIR2-like
Description
Left: Western blot analysis of SIRT2 in Mouse brain lysate with SIRT2 antibody at (A) 1 and (B) 2 µg/ml.

Below: Immunohistochemical staining of human brain tissue using Sirt2 antibody at 2.5 µg/ml.

Other Product Images


Source :SIRT2 antibody was raised against a 19 amino acid peptide near the carboxy terminus of the human SIRT2.
Purification : Affinity chromatography purified via peptide column
Clonality and Clone : This is a polyclonal antibody.
Host : SIRT2 antibody was raised in rabbit. Please use anti-rabbit secondary antibodies.
Application : SIRT2 antibody can be used for detection of SIRT2 by Western blot at 1 – 2 µg/ml.
Tested Application(s) : E, WB, IHC
Buffer : Antibody is supplied in PBS containing 0.02% sodium azide.
Blocking Peptide :Cat.No. 4485P - SIRT2 Peptide
Long-Term Storage : SIRT2 antibody can be stored at 4ºC, stable for one year. As with all antibodies care should be taken to avoid repeated freeze thaw cycles. Antibodies should not be exposed to prolonged high temperatures.
Positive Control :
1. Cat. No. 1403 - Mouse Brain Tissue Lysate
Species Reactivity : H, M, R
GI Number : 13775600
Accession Number : NP_036369
Short Description : (CT) Sirtuin 2
References
1. Yamamoto H, Schoonjans K, and Auwerx J. Sirtuin functions in health and disease. Mol. Endocrinol. 2007; 21:1745-55.
2. Frye RA. Characterization of five human cDNAs with homology to the yeast SIR2 gene: SIR2-like proteins (sirtuins) metabolize NAD and may have protein ADP-ribosyltransferase activity. Biochem. Biophys. Res. Commun. 1999; 260:273-279.
3. North BJ, Marshall BL, Borra MT, et. al. The human Sir2 ortholog, SIRT2, is an NAD+-dependent tubulin deacetylase. Mol. Cell 2003; 11:437-44.
4. Inoue T, Hiratsuka M, Osaki M, et al. The molecular biology of mammalian SIRT proteins: SIRT2 in cell cycle regulation. Cell Cycle 2007; 6:1011-8.

SH3BP4 Antibody

SH3BP4 Antibody

Catalog# :5167

SH3BP4 was initially isolated as a novel cDNA using differential display analysis using cultured human corneal fibroblasts. The protein contains three Asn-Pro-Phe (NPF) motifs, an SH3 domain, a PXXP motif, a bipartite nuclear targeting signal, and a tyrosine phosphorylation site. SH3BP4 has been shown to interact with specific endocytic proteins such as clathrin, dynamin, and the transferrin receptor (TfR) and localizes to TfR-containing coated pits and vesicles. It is thought to be involved in cargo-specific control of clathrin-mediated endocytosis, specifically controlling the internalization of TfR. At least two isoforms of SH3BP4 are known to exist.

Additional Names : SH3BP4, SH3 domain binding protein 4, TTP, BOG25
Description
Left: Western blot analysis of SH3BP4 in rat lung tissue lysate with SH3BP4 antibody at (A) 1 and (B) 2 µg/ml.

Below: Immunohistochemistry of SH3BP4 in human lung tissue with SH3BP4 antibody at 5 μg/ml.

Other Product Images
Source :SH3BP4 antibody was raised against an 18 amino acid peptide from near the carboxy terminus of human SH3BP4.
Purification : Affinity chromatography purified via peptide column
Clonality and Clone : This is a polyclonal antibody.
Host : SH3BP4 antibody was raised in rabbit. Please use anti-rabbit secondary antibodies.
Application : SH3BP4 antibody can be used for detection of SH3BP4 by Western blot at 1 - 2 µg/ml.
Tested Application(s) : E, WB
Buffer : Antibody is supplied in PBS containing 0.02% sodium azide.
Blocking Peptide :Cat.No. 5167P - SH3BP4 Peptide
Long-Term Storage : SH3BP4 antibody can be stored at 4ºC, stable for one year. As with all antibodies care should be taken to avoid repeated freeze thaw cycles. Antibodies should not be exposed to prolonged high temperatures.
Positive Control :
1. Cat. No. 1462 - Rat Lung Tissue Lysate
Species Reactivity : H, M, R
GI Number : 7657562
Accession Number : NP_055336
Short Description : SH3 domain binding protein 4
References
1. Dunlevy JR, Berryhill BL, Vergnes JP, et al. Cloning, chromosomal localization, and characterization of cDNA from a novel gene, SH3BP4, expressed by human corneal fibroblasts. Genomics 1999; 62:519-24.
2. Tosoni D, Puri C, Confalonieri S, et al. TTP specifically regulates the internalization of the transferrin receptor. Cell 2005; 123:875-888.

SCO2 Antibody

SCO2 Antibody

Catalog# :4045

Synthesis of cytochrome c oxidase 2 was initially identified in yeast as one of two cytochrome c oxidase (COX) assembly proteins that enable the assembly of cytochrome c holoenzyme, a complex that catalyzes the transfer of reducing equivalents from cytochrome c to molecular oxygen and pumps protons across the inner mitochondrial membrane. Like their yeast homologs, the function of both SCO2 and SCO1 are dependent on copper ion binding. Recent studies suggest that SCO2 expression is regulated by p53, so that a decrease in p53 expression, such as in numerous tumors and cells lines, the drop in SCO2 expression leads to a shift from normal aerobic respiration towards the production of glycolytic ATP. Defects in the SCO2 protein are also associated with fatal infantile cardioencephalomyopathy and COX deficiency.

Additional Names : SCO2, Synthesis of cytochrome c oxidase 2, cytochrome oxidase deficient homolog 2
Description
Left: Western blot analysis of SCO2 in human liver tissue lysate with SCO2 antibody at (A) 0.5, (B) 1 and (C) 2 µg/ml.

Below: Immunohistochemistry of SCO2 in human liver tissue with SCO2 antibody at 2.5 µg/ml.

Other Product Images
Source :SCO2 antibody was raised against a 19 amino acid peptide from near the carboxy terminus of human SCO2.
Purification : Affinity chromatography purified via peptide column
Clonality and Clone : This is a polyclonal antibody.
Host : SCO2 antibody was raised in rabbit. Please use anti-rabbit secondary antibodies.
Application : SCO2 antibody can be used for detection of SCO2 by Western blot at 0.5 – 1µg/ml.
Tested Application(s) : E, WB, IHC
Buffer : Antibody is supplied in PBS containing 0.02% sodium azide.
Blocking Peptide :Cat.No. 4045P - SCO2 Peptide
Long-Term Storage : SCO2 antibody can be stored at 4ºC, stable for one year. As with all antibodies care should be taken to avoid repeated freeze thaw cycles. Antibodies should not be exposed to prolonged high temperatures.
Positive Control :
1. Cat. No. 1304 - Human Liver Tissue Lysate
Species Reactivity : H
GI Number : 8134662
Accession Number : O43819
Short Description : Synthesis of cytochrome c oxidase 2
References
1. Glerum DM, Shtanko A, and Tzagoloff A. SCO1 and SCO2 act as high copy suppressors of a mitochondrial copper recruitment defect in Saccharomyces cerevisiae. J. Biol. Chem. 1996; 271:20531-5.
2. Horng Y-C, Leary SC, Cobine PA, et al. Human Sco1 and Sco2 function as copper-binding proteins. J. Biol. Chem. 2005; 280:34113-22.
3. Matoba S, Kang J-G, Patino WD, et al. p53 regulates mitochondrial respiration. Science 2006; 312:1650-3.
4. Papadopoulou LC, Sue CM, Davidson MM, et al. Fatal infantile cardioencephalomyopathy with COX deficiency and mutations in SCO2, a COX assembly gene. Nat. Genetics 1999; 23:333-7 (07-01D)

Detection in Situ Hybridization

Detection in Situ Hybridization

High throughput microarray transcription analyses provide us with the expression profiles for large amounts of plant genes. However, their tissue and cellular resolution is limited. Thus, for detailed functional analysis, it is still necessary to examine the expression pattern of selected candidate genes at a cellular level.

Hybridization

Hybridization is the process, discovered by Alexander Rich, of combining complementary, single-stranded nucleic acids into a single molecule. Nucleotides will bind to their complement under normal conditions, so two perfectly complementary strands will bind to each other readily. This is called annealing. However, due to the different molecular geometries of the nucleotides, a single inconsistency between the two strands will make binding between them more energetically unfavorable.

Biology & Hybrid

In biology, hybrid has two meanings. The first meaning is the result of interbreeding between two animals or plants of different taxa. Hybrids between different species within the same genus are sometimes known as interspecific hybrids or crosses. Hybrids between different sub-species within a species are known as intra-specific hybrids. Hybrids between different genera are sometimes known as intergeneric hybrids.

SCO1 Antibody

SCO1 Antibody

Catalog# :4043

Synthesis of cytochrome c oxidase 1 was initially identified in yeast as one of two cytochrome c oxidase (COX) assembly proteins that enable the assembly of cytochrome c holoenzyme, a complex that catalyzes the transfer of reducing equivalents from cytochrome c to molecular oxygen and pumps protons across the inner mitochondrial membrane. Like their yeast homologs, the function of both SCO1 and SCO2 are dependent on copper ion binding. Mutations in either gene can lead to cytochrome c oxidase respiratory chain defects, with a missense mutation in human SCO1 (P174L) associated with a fatal neonatal hepatopathy when the second allele is also non-functional, suggesting the pathology is due to loss of function. It has been suggested that this mutation alters the SCO1 affinity for the copper (I) ion, thus impairing the efficiency of copper transfer to the cytochrome c oxidase. At least two isoforms of SCO1 are known to exist and both are recognized by the SCO1 antibody. This SCO1 antibody has no cross-reactivity to SCO2.

Additional Names : SCO1, Synthesis of cytochrome c oxidase 1, cytochrome oxidase deficient homolog 1


Description
Left: Western blot analysis of SCO1 in human brain tissue lysate with SCO1 antibody at (A) 0.5 and (B) 1 µg/ml.

Below: Immunohistochemistry of SCO1 in human brain tissue with SCO1 antibody at 2.5 µg/ml.

Other Product Images
Source :SCO1 antibody was raised against a 14 amino acid peptide from near the center of human SCO1.
Purification : Affinity chromatography purified via peptide column
Clonality and Clone : This is a polyclonal antibody.
Host : SCO1 antibody was raised in rabbit. Please use anti-rabbit secondary antibodies.
Application : SCO1 antibody can be used for detection of SCO1 by Western blot at 0.5 – 1 µg/ml.
Tested Application(s) : E, WB, IHC
Buffer : Antibody is supplied in PBS containing 0.02% sodium azide.
Blocking Peptide :Cat.No. 4043P - SCO1 Peptide
Long-Term Storage : SCO1 antibody can be stored at 4ºC, stable for one year. As with all antibodies care should be taken to avoid repeated freeze thaw cycles. Antibodies should not be exposed to prolonged high temperatures.
Positive Control :
1. Cat. No. 1303 - Human Brain Tissue Lysate
Species Reactivity : H, M, R
GI Number : 8134663
Accession Number : O75880
Short Description : Synthesis of cytochrome c oxidase 2
References
1. Glerum DM, Shtanko A, and Tzagoloff A. SCO1 and SCO2 act as high copy suppressors of a mitochondrial copper recruitment defect in Saccharomyces cerevisiae. J. Biol. Chem. 1996; 271:20531-5.
2. Horng Y-C, Leary SC, Cobine PA, et al. Human Sco1 and Sco2 function as copper-binding proteins. J. Biol. Chem. 2005; 280:34113-22.
3. Valnot I, Osmond S, Gigarel N. Mutations of the SCO1 gene in mitochondrial cytochrome c oxidase deficiency with neonatal-onset hepatic failure and encephalopathy. Am. J. Hum. Genet. 2000; 67:1104-9.
4. Banci L, Bertini I, Ciofi-Baffoni S, et al. Human Sco1 functional studies and pathological implications of the P174L mutant. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA 2007; 104:15-20.

SCARA5 Antibody

Catalog# :5259

Scavenger receptor class A member 5 (SCARA5), also known as TESR, is part of the scavenger receptor superfamily, which is composed of many members with diverse structures, expression patterns, and functions. SCARA5 is a cell-surface receptor that contains that collagen-like domain and N-terminal scavenger receptor cysteine rich domain typical of the class A scavenger receptor subfamily. Unlike other class A receptors, SCARA5 does not endocytose acetylated or oxidized low density lipoprotein. Instead, SCARA5 binds serum ferritin and mediates its endocytosis from the cell surface, indicating SCARA5 may play a role in non-transferrin iron delivery. At least four isoforms of SCARB1 are known to exist.

Additional Names : SCARA5, Scavenger receptor class A member 5, TESR

Description
Left: Western blot analysis of SCARA5 in human liver tissue lysate with SCARA5 antibody at 1 µg/ml.

Below: Immunocytochemistry of SCARA5 in HepG2 cells with SCARA5 antibody at 2.5 μg/ml.

Other Product Images

Source :SCARA5 antibody was raised against a 17 amino acid peptide near the carboxy terminus of human SCARA5.
Purification : Affinity chromatography purified via peptide column
Clonality and Clone : This is a polyclonal antibody.
Host : SCARA5 antibody was raised in rabbit. Please use anti-rabbit secondary antibodies.
Application : SCARA5 antibody can be used for detection of SCARA5 by Western blot at 1 - 2 µg/ml.
Tested Application(s) : E, WB
Buffer : Antibody is supplied in PBS containing 0.02% sodium azide.
Blocking Peptide :Cat.No. 5259P - SCARA5 Peptide
Long-Term Storage : SCARA5 antibody can be stored at 4ºC, stable for one year. As with all antibodies care should be taken to avoid repeated freeze thaw cycles. Antibodies should not be exposed to prolonged high temperatures.
Positive Control :
1. Cat. No. 1306 - Human Spleen Tissue Lysate
Species Reactivity : H, M
GI Number : 47271477
Accession Number : NP_776194
Short Description : Scavenger receptor class A member 5
References
1. Greaves DR, Gough PJ, and Gordon S. Recent progress in defining the role of scavenger receptors in lipid transport, atherosclerosis and host defence. Curr. Op. Lipid. 1998; 9:425-32.
2. Jiang Y, Oliver P, Davies KE, et al. Identification and characterization of murine SCARA5, a novel class A scavenger receptor that is expressed by populations of epithelial cells. J. Biol. Chem. 2006; 281:11834-45.
3. Li JY, Paragas N, Ned RM, et al. Scara5 is a ferritin receptor mediating non-transferrin iron delivery. Dev. Cell 2009; 16:35-46.

RTP801 Antibody

RTP801 Antibody

Catalog# :4509

RTP801 was initially identified as a gene induced by DNA damage, and later found to also be regulated by other cellular stresses such as hypoxia and glucocorticoid treatment. Recently, RTP801 has been shown to act as a mediator of tuberous sclerosis complex (TSC)-dependent regulation of the mammalian Target of Rapamycin (mTOR), an evolutionarily conserved serine/threonine kinase that regulates cell growth and cell cycle. In response to energy stress, RTP801 inhibits mTOR function, resulting in dephosphorylation of downstream targets such as ribosomal protein S6 kinase 1 and 4EBP1 and decreasing cell growth. Disregulation of RTP801 may thus contribute to human tumorigenesis.

Additional Names : RTP801 (NT), DNA damage inducible transcript 4, DDIT4, Dig2, REDD-1

Description
Left: Western blot analysis of RTP801 in 293 cell lysate with RTP801 antibody at (A) 2 and (B) 4 µg/ml.











Source :RTP801 antibody was raised against a 14 amino acid peptide from near the amino terminus of human RTP801.
Purification : Affinity chromatography purified via peptide column
Clonality and Clone : This is a polyclonal antibody.
Host : RTP801 antibody was raised in rabbit. Please use anti-rabbit secondary antibodies.
Application : RTP801 antibody can be used for the detection of RTP801 by Western blot at 2 – 4 µg/ml.
Tested Application(s) : E, WB
Buffer : Antibody is supplied in PBS containing 0.02% sodium azide.
Blocking Peptide :Cat.No. 4509P - RTP801 Peptide
Long-Term Storage : RTP801 antibody can be stored at 4ºC, stable for one year. As with all antibodies care should be taken to avoid repeated freeze thaw cycles. Antibodies should not be exposed to prolonged high temperatures.
Positive Control :
1. Cat. No. 1210 - 293 Cell Lysate
Species Reactivity : H, M, R
GI Number : 9506687
Accession Number : NP_061931
Short Description : (NT) DNA damage inducible transcript 4
References
1. Ellisen LW, Ramsayer KD, Johannessen CM, et al. REDD1, a developmentally regulated transcriptional target of p63 and p53, links p63 to regulation of reactive oxygen species. Mol. Cell 2002; 10:995-1005.
2. Shoshani T, Faerman A, Mett I, et al. Identification of a novel hypoxia-inducible factor 1-responsive gene, RTP801, involved in apoptosis. Mol. Cell. Biol. 2002; 22:2283-93.
3. Wang Z, Malone MH, Thomenius MJ, et al. Dexamethasone-induced gene 2 (dig2) is a novel pro-survival stress gene induced rapidly by diverse apoptotic signals. J. Biol. Chem. 2003; 278:27053-8.
4. Sofer A, Lei K, Johannessen CM, et al. Regulation of mTOR and cell growth in response to energy stress by REDD1. Mol. Cell. Biol. 2005; 25:5834-45.

RTP801 Antibody

RTP801 Antibody

Catalog# :4495

RTP801 was initially identified as a gene induced by DNA damage, and later found to also be regulated by other cellular stresses such as hypoxia and glucocorticoid treatment. Recently, RTP801 has been shown to act as a mediator of tuberous sclerosis complex (TSC)-dependent regulation of the mammalian Target of Rapamycin (mTOR), an evolutionarily conserved serine/threonine kinase that regulates cell growth and cell cycle. In response to energy stress, RTP801 inhibits mTOR function, resulting in dephosphorylation of downstream targets such as ribosomal protein S6 kinase 1 and 4EBP1 and decreasing cell growth. Disregulation of RTP801 may thus contribute to human tumorigenesis.

Additional Names : RTP801 (IN), DNA damage inducible transcript 4, DDIT4, Dig2, REDD-1

Description
Left: Western blot analysis of RTP801 in human kidney tissue lysate with RTP801 antibody at (A) 0.5 and (B) 1 µg/ml.

Below: Immunohistochemistry of RTP801 in mouse kidney tissue with RTP801 antibody at 5 µg/ml.

Other Product Images








Source :RTP801 antibody was raised against a 12 amino acid peptide from near the center of human RTP801.
Purification : Affinity chromatography purified via peptide column
Clonality and Clone : This is a polyclonal antibody.
Host : RTP801 antibody was raised in rabbit. Please use anti-rabbit secondary antibodies.
Application : RTP801 antibody can be used for the detection of RTP801 by Western blot at 0.5 – 1 µg/ml.
Tested Application(s) : E, WB, IHC
Buffer : Antibody is supplied in PBS containing 0.02% sodium azide.
Blocking Peptide :Cat.No. 4495P - RTP801 Peptide
Long-Term Storage : RTP801 antibody can be stored at 4ºC, stable for one year. As with all antibodies care should be taken to avoid repeated freeze thaw cycles. Antibodies should not be exposed to prolonged high temperatures.
Positive Control :
1. Cat. No. 1305 - Human Kidney Tissue Lysate
Species Reactivity : H, M, R
GI Number : 9506687
Accession Number : NP_061931
Short Description : (IN) DNA damage inducible transcript 4
References
1. Ellisen LW, Ramsayer KD, Johannessen CM, et al. REDD1, a developmentally regulated transcriptional target of p63 and p53, links p63 to regulation of reactive oxygen species. Mol. Cell 2002; 10:995-1005.
2. Shoshani T, Faerman A, Mett I, et al. Identification of a novel hypoxia-inducible factor 1-responsive gene, RTP801, involved in apoptosis. Mol. Cell. Biol. 2002; 22:2283-93.
3. Wang Z, Malone MH, Thomenius MJ, et al. Dexamethasone-induced gene 2 (dig2) is a novel pro-survival stress gene induced rapidly by diverse apoptotic signals. J. Biol. Chem. 2003; 278:27053-8.
4. Sofer A, Lei K, Johannessen CM, et al. Regulation of mTOR and cell growth in response to energy stress by REDD1. Mol. Cell. Biol. 2005; 25:5834-45

Amino Chemistry

Amino Chemistry

All peptides and polypeptides are polymers of α-amino acids. There are 20 α-amino acids that are relevant to the make-up of mammalian proteins. Several other amino acids are found in the body free or in combined states. These non-protein associated amino acids perform specialized functions.

Amines
Amines are organic compounds and functional groups that contain a basic nitrogen atom with a lone pair. Amines are derivatives of ammonia, wherein one or more hydrogen atoms are replaced by organic substituents such as alkyl and aryl groups. Compounds with the nitrogen atom next to a carbonyl of the structure R-C(=O)NR2 are called amides and have different chemical properties.

Amino acids and DNA
DNA is a sequence of nucleotides. There are four nucleotides: adenine, thymine, cytosine, guanine. The exact sequence of these determines the code of each gene. When DNA is transcribed (the first step in expression of the gene), RNA is synthesized using this code. The RNA is a complementary copy of one strand of the DNA. The RNA leaves the nucleus and in the cytoplasm it is translated into a protein.

Gene Synthesis Services

Gene Cells

A gene is a locatable region of genomic sequence, corresponding to a unit of inheritance, which is associated with regulatory regions, transcribed regions and/or other functional sequence regions. The physical development and phenotype of organisms can be thought of as a product of genes interacting with each other and with the environment. A concise definition of a gene, taking into account complex patterns of regulation and transcription, genic conservation and non-coding RNA genes, has been proposed by Gerstein et al.

RNA genes and genomes

In some cases, RNA is an intermediate product in the process of manufacturing proteins from genes. However, for other gene sequences, the RNA molecules are the actual functional products. For example, RNAs known as ribozymes are capable of enzymatic function, and miRNAs have a regulatory role. The DNA sequences from which such RNAs are transcribed are known as RNA genes.

Gene Synthesis Services

Nowadays, commercial gene synthesis services are available from hundreds of companies worldwide, with a price often below $1 a base pair. Some expressed concern that such services could be used by terrorists to create new strains of existing viruses/bacterias, or to resurrect extinct biological hazard organisms.

DNA Radioactive Oligo Labeling

DNA Radioactive Oligo Labeling

An Allele Specific Oligonucleotide (or ASO) is a short piece of synthetic DNA complementary to the sequence of a variable target DNA. It acts as a probe for the presence of the target in a Southern blot assay or, more commonly, in the simpler Dot blot assay. It is a common tool used in genetic testing, forensics, and Molecular Biology research.

Amino-Modified Oligos

A primary amino function can be incorporated during oligonucleotide synthesis at either the 5'or 3' end or internally using an amino DT reagent. In order to successfully conjugate haptens or fluorophores to the primary amino group, it is necessary to ensure that the oligonucleotide has sodium as the counter-ion rather than ammonium, since the latter may interfere with the conjugation reaction.

Modified Oligos

Modified oligos terminated with the 5'-Thiol-Modifier C6 is shipped with the trityl protecting group still attached to the sulfur. In order to free the thiol group for use removes the trityl group and reduces the sulfur. Oligonucleotides terminated with the 5'-Thiol-Modifier C6 SS (Disulfide) will need to be reduced before use.

Epigenetics: Many disorders

It is well know that Epigenetic is becoming a very popular field in Molecular Biology and more specifically cancer research. The genetic code determines which proteins/peptides and gene products are synthesized but it is the epigenetic control that decides where and when they are expressed. This control in expression is very important for embryogenesis, X chromosome inactivation and cellular differentiation and is also vital to synaptic plasticity and memory formation.

Epigenetics machinery is known to be the regulator for cancer genes, like colon cancer gene, breast cancer and many others, but recently Epigenetics has been found to play an influential role in the brain as well. A research group at John Hopkins University recently measured DNA methylation levels in hundreds to thousands of genes and compared the patterns across four different brain regions. The research group found that the levels differed between regions for many genes. This suggests that DNA methylation effects distinguish brain regions and possible play unique roles by each region.

Then, can Epigenetic marks be altered by the environment around someone or something? Well, for example, one study has shown a much greater DNA methylation difference between two identical twins in their 40’s than very young identical twins. This suggests that these changes are accumulated during one’s lifetime even though they are identical genetically.

One of the theorized influences of Epigenetic marks is the amount of stress that one experiences. A study that was done at the University Of Texas Southwestern Medical Center provide some evidence that stress in adulthood can influence epigenetic change. The platform was adult mice that were exposed to highly aggressive neighboring mice and this led to the adult mice to be socially reserved, defeated, and inferior. This in some ways could be compared to signs of human depression. Researchers showed that the adult mice developed histone changes in a depression-related gene/s, and these changes were reversed by the antidepressant imipramine.

So, there is some research evidence behind some of the theories with Epigenetics. However, the search must go on and many more days, months and years of research will be done. Researchers will be using lots of synthetic DNA oligonucleotides, DNA modification (5-Hydroxymethyl-dC-CE Phosphoramidite) and microarray services. Then they will use microarray services to detect methylation across nearly every gene in the mix.

Gene Expression And Protein Synthesis

Gene Expression And Protein Synthesis

Bio-Synthesis, founded in 1984, is an international provider of genomic and proteomic services established around the core business lines oligonucleotide, gene synthesis, peptides and antibody production. Through innovative production process and synthesis know-how, our services are the best in their class, providing you with innovative and trustworthy solutions to accelerate your research.

Gene Expression

Gene expression is the process by which inheritable information from a gene, such as the DNA sequence, is made into a functional gene product, such as protein or RNA. Several steps in the gene expression process may be modulated, including the transcription step and the post-translational modification of a protein. Gene regulation gives the cell control over structure and function, and is the basis for cellular differentiation, morphogenesis and the versatility and adaptability of any organism.

Protein Synthesis Animation

Protein synthesis is the process by which proteins are assembled from amino acids based on blueprint encoded in mRNA. Translation takes place in the ribosomes, which are found in the cytosol of all living cells, the matrix of mitochondria, and the stroma of chloroplasts.

Protein Synthesis

Genetic information, stored in the chromosomes and transmitted to daughter cells through DNA replication is expressed through transcription of RNA and, in the case of mRNA, subsequent translation into polypeptide chains. This flow of information from DNA to RNA to protein is termed the “central dogma” and is descriptive of all organisms (with the exception of some viruses that have RNA as the repository of their genetic information).

Gene Synthesis Services

Gene DNA

Biosyn use new mechanism for Gene Synthesis. We have professional team of scientist that do deep study of your Genetic Synthesis. Gene synthesis is the process of synthesizing an artificially designed gene into a physical DNA sequence. Gene synthesis was first demonstrated by Har Gobind Khorana in 1970 for a short artificial gene

Gene DNA

A gene is a locatable region of genomic sequence, corresponding to a unit of inheritance, which is associated with regulatory regions, transcribed regions and/or other functional sequence regions. The physical development and phenotype of organisms can be thought of as a product of genes interacting with each other and with the environment. A concise definition of a gene, taking into account complex patterns of regulation and transcription, genic conservation and non-coding RNA genes, has been proposed by Gerstein et al.

Gene Synthesis Services

Nowadays, commercial gene synthesis services are available from hundreds of companies worldwide, with a price often below $1 a base pair. Some expressed concern that such services could be used by terrorists to create new strains of existing viruses/bacterias, or to resurrect extinct biological hazard organisms.

Genealogical DNA test

A genealogical DNA test examines the nucleotides at specific locations on a person's DNA for genetic genealogy purposes. The test results are meant to have no informative medical value and do not determine specific genetic diseases or disorders (see possible exceptions in Medical information below); they are intended only to give genealogical information.

Gene Amino Acid

Gene Amino Acid

Biosyn use new mechanism for Gene Synthesis. We have professional team of scientist that do deep study of your Genetic Synthesis. Gene synthesis is the process of synthesizing an artificially designed gene into a physical DNA sequence. Gene synthesis was first demonstrated by Har Gobind Khorana in 1970 for a short artificial gene.

Gene Silencing

Gene silencing is a general term describing epigenetic processes of gene regulation. The term gene silencing is generally used to describe the "switching off" of a gene by a mechanism other than genetic modification. That is, a gene which would be expressed under normal circumstances is switched off by machinery in the cell. Genes are regulated at either the transcriptional or post-transcriptional level.

Amino Acids

In chemistry, an amino acid is a molecule that contains both amine and carboxyl functional groups. In biochemistry, this term refers to alpha-amino acids with the general formula H2NCHRCOOH, where R is an organic subsistent. In the alpha amino acids, the amino and carboxylate groups are attached to the same carbon, which is called the α–carbon.

RPA Interacting Protein Antibody

RPA Interacting Protein Antibody

Catalog# :4015

Replication protein A (RPA) is a single-stranded-DNA binding protein involved in numerous eukaryotic DNA processes including replication, repair and recombination. RPA interacting protein (RPA IP) has been identified as an adapter protein that is involved in RPA nuclear import instead of the prototypical importin proteins that normally mediate nuclear import (2). Multiple isoforms of RPA IP are known to exist, with the longest isoform localized to the cytoplasm. Isoform 2 is sumoylated and is located in the PML nuclear body within the nucleus. It has been suggested that this isoform mediates the localization of the RPA complex into the PML nuclear body, thereby participating in RPA function in DNA metabolism.

Additional Names : RPA Interacting Protein (NT), Replication protein A interacting protein, RPAIN, RIP, hRIP, RPA IP

Description
Left: Western blot analysis of RPA Interacting Protein in Jurkat cell lysate with RPA Interacting Protein antibody at (A) 0.5 and (B) 1 µg/ml.

Source :RPA Interacting Protein antibody was raised against a 17 amino acid peptide from near the carboxy terminus of human RPA Interacting Protein.
Purification : Affinity chromatography purified via peptide column
Clonality and Clone : This is a polyclonal antibody.
Host : RPA Interacting Protein antibody was raised in rabbit. Please use anti-rabbit secondary antibodies.
Application : RPA IP antibody can be used for detection of RPA Interacting Protein by Western blot at 0.5 – 1 µg/ml.
Tested Application(s) : E, WB
Buffer : Antibody is supplied in PBS containing 0.02% sodium azide.
Blocking Peptide :Cat.No. 4015P - RPA Interacting Protein Peptide
Long-Term Storage : RPA Interacting Protein antibody can be stored at 4ºC, stable for one year. As with all antibodies care should be taken to avoid repeated freeze thaw cycles. Antibodies should not be exposed to prolonged high temperatures.
Positive Control :
1. Cat. No. 1205 - Jurkat Cell Lysate
Species Reactivity : H, M, R
GI Number : 74136541
Accession Number : NP_001028174
Short Description : (NT) Replication protein A interacting protein
References
1. Zou Y, Liu Y, Wu X, et al. Functions of human replication protein A (RPA): from DNA replication to DNA damage and stress responses. J. Cell Physiol. 2006; 208:267-73.
2. Jullien D, Gorlich D, Laemmli UK, et al. Nuclear import of RPA in Xenopus egg extracts requires a novel protein XRIPalpha but not importin alpha. EMBO J. 1999; 18:4348-58.
3. Park J, Seo T, Kim H, et al. Sumoylation of the novel protein hRIPbeta is involved in replication protein A deposition in PML nuclear bodies. Mol. Cell Biol. 2005; 25:8202-14.

RPA Interacting Protein Antibody

RPA Interacting Protein Antibody

Catalog# :4013

Replication protein A (RPA) is a single-stranded-DNA binding protein involved in numerous eukaryotic DNA processes including replication, repair and recombination. RPA interacting protein (RPA IP) has been identified as an adapter protein that is involved in RPA nuclear import instead of the prototypical importin proteins that normally mediate nuclear import. Multiple isoforms of RPA IP are known to exist, with the longest isoform localized to the cytoplasm. Isoform 2 is sumoylated and is located in the PML nuclear body within the nucleus. It has been suggested that this isoform mediates the localization of the RPA complex into the PML nuclear body, thereby participating in RPA function in DNA metabolism.

Additional Names : RPA Interacting Protein (CT), Replication protein A interacting protein, RPAIN, RIP, hRIP, RPA IP

Description
Left: Western blot analysis of RPA Interacting Protein in Jurkat cell lysate with RPA Interacting Protein antibody at (A) 1 and (B) 2 µg/ml.

Below: Immunohistochemistry of RPA Interacting Protein in mouse stomach tissue with RPA Interacting Protein antibody at 2.5 µg/ml.


Source :RPA IP antibody was raised against a 17 amino acid peptide from near the carboxy terminus of human RPA IP.
Purification : Affinity chromatography purified via peptide column
Clonality and Clone : This is a polyclonal antibody.
Host : RPA Interacting Protein antibody was raised in rabbit. Please use anti-rabbit secondary antibodies.
Application : RPA Interacting Protein antibody can be used for detection of RPA Interacting Protein by Western blot at 0.5 – 1 µg/ml.
Tested Application(s) : E, WB, IHC
Buffer : Antibody is supplied in PBS containing 0.02% sodium azide.
Blocking Peptide :Cat.No. 4013P - RPA Interacting Protein Peptide
Long-Term Storage : RPA Interacting Protein antibody can be stored at 4ºC, stable for one year. As with all antibodies care should be taken to avoid repeated freeze thaw cycles. Antibodies should not be exposed to prolonged high temperatures.
Positive Control :
1. Cat. No. 1205 - Jurkat Cell Lysate
2. Cat. No. 1415 - Mouse Stomach Tissue Lysate
Species Reactivity : H, M, R
GI Number : 74136541
Accession Number : NP_001028174
Short Description : (CT) Replication protein A interacting protein
References
1. Zou Y, Liu Y, Wu X, et al. Functions of human replication protein A (RPA): from DNA replication to DNA damage and stress responses. J. Cell Physiol. 2006; 208:267-73.
2. Jullien D, Gorlich D, Laemmli UK, et al. Nuclear import of RPA in Xenopus egg extracts requires a novel protein XRIPalpha but not importin alpha. EMBO J. 1999; 18:4348-58.
3. Park J, Seo T, Kim H, et al. Sumoylation of the novel protein hRIPbeta is involved in replication protein A deposition in PML nuclear bodies. Mol. Cell Biol. 2005; 25:8202-14.(06-01D)